jayderyu : the answer to what you are looking for is in the Fast Fourier Transform operation. Using that mathematical algorithm, you can divide an audio sample in frequency bands. Each of those band can then be checked to see if there's something in it (usually a given note, C, D#, and so on...).
You can't do that in pure javascript, it's too slow. But there are nodes in the WebAudio API that let you use it. I don't know if Ashley already exposed those nodes to the C2's interface.