You can modify collision polygon for individual tilemap tiles (for example to make 45 degree slopes). You can also rotate and flip tiles.
In your example it may be better to use TiledBackground. It has a fixed collision polygon, but you can rotate it to any angle and stretch to any length without distortion.
You can also use a combination of all 3 object types, it's entirely up to you. For example, the main collision map is made of TileMap (it can even be invisible). And some elements like floating tilted platforms are sprites or tiled backgrounds.