Now I've gotten everything to work: Simulate, Test, Build and even debug on my phone.
I'm sorry I didn't take notes on what I did, but I think the key was to export as Cordova using the XKD format, and then import by clicking OPEN AN INTEL XKD PROJECT. The button is at the bottom of the UI, so I didn't notice it before. When I was getting the error, I think I was importing as HTML5 Code Base.