Wow. Minitroid's entire world map was 20000x20000 :P
The size of the layout shouldn't affect anything, just what you put in it.
I'm not sure if it'll work for your game but since mine use hundreds and hundreds of tiles I just stretch a canvas across the layout, then paste all the tiles into the canvas, then load the image from the canvas into a sprite object (because webgl and canvas don't go well together) and then delete the canvas and tiles - effectively turning hundreds of performance-killing tiles into 1 image.
You don't want that 1 image to be too big though, so for the really big levels you might want to make a grid of canvases & sprite objects instead of just that one.
Sounds crazy but I get a smooth 60fps with a bunch of particle FX and everything this way, whereas I used to get ~30 with just the tiles.