Perhaps something like "dampening," where the object doesn't transfer the full amount of energy it receives. For example, a wood block would absorb more energy than a metal block, but a clay block would absorb even more than wood. A negative setting would absorb force, but a positive setting could actually add force.
With a high positive setting you could make bouncing surfaces that don't need to move to impart energy. It could stay locked in one spot, but if a moving object came into contact with it it would be knocked away. In other words an object could hit it at low velocity, but bounce away at a higher velocity. Like bumpers on a pinball table, or mortar launchers in the bottom of a tube that launch a ball as soon as the ball touches it.
I suppose it might be handy to have settings for how hinges would work as well. I think the hinge stiffness setting should be made into an editable property. That way you can easily change the stiffness and angular dampening to create different kinds of chains and ropes, and I suppose Chain, Rope, and Elastic could be added to the drop-down for material types.
I dunno, I can't really think of any other settings off the top of my head but I'm sure there are some others that could be considered for making different materials.