Hi there!
I think I finally (as in "FINALLY!!!!") managed to make my game :
1. load completely
2. preload sounds
3. play sounds
on iOS using Safari.
If anyone else is having issues with any of those points and is looking for the right way to make this work now in 2015, here is what worked for me (I could only test on iOS 6 but from what I can see around the forums, many people have had problems similar to mine using more recent versions of iOS as well) :
- set "preload sounds" (in the project's properties) to "yes"
- export the game
- modify the exported "offline.appcache" file (using the notepad) to remove the names and path to your audio files from it (then save the file)
- upload the game to your server
This will probably mean your game won't have sounds if someone plays it in offline mode. But hey, NOW IT WORKS at least!
Thanks to 
jeansson who put me on the right track on this thread :