You could use a dot sprite and spawn an instance of it at the arrow's location (be it origin or image point) every X frames/seconds/etc. Then give it a timer to destroy it, or destroy it at a certain event (depending, if you want it to disappear after some time, or when something else happens).
There might be a better way, though. This one is just off the top of my head.
I want the dotted line to appear before you would launch the arrow...
I could have a second arrow witch would be invisible and every time you would change the trajectory it would launch it, but I am afraid of performance drops on mobile...