I probably am going to have to quit for now because not only do I not quite understand some of your explanation (despite you explaining it all very well), as soon as I put the player's attack animations back in and set up the hit detection, the enemy won't revert to the 'chase' or 'attack' modes after getting hit. It worked in my original capx, but now that the enemy behavior has been rewritten, I don't know what to do to get it working again.
I can't keep asking every single time I get stuck and I'm not having much luck figuring it out myself. When I can, I'll try to add sprite rips from a similar existing game and make the unfinished capx available here for anyone to try to improve upon or fix.
Thank you again for your time and expertise!