Technically you can.... But frankly speaking it would be pretty convoluted and pointless.
Upon starting your game, you would check localstorage to see if the player had launched it after setting the settings or not. If not, it will load into the settings page. After setting the settings, save them to localstorage and open the same project in a new tab via the browser object. This time, if the localstorage keys for the settings have been saved, load the game layout using the saved settings.
You'll need to clear them again if you want the user to be able to get to the settings layout again, or at least clear the localstorage key that says settings have been saved.