Hi,
Do this:
Menu -> project -> export -> Android (Cordova) -> Next -> [SELECT UNSIGNED APK] -> Next
OR
From the Export Manager pop up, you select the non-APK export that you made previously and turn it into an APK using the "3 Dots" button at the top of the Export Manager pop up.
You'll then need to sign the APK etc before uploading to the Play store. If you just want to test on your phone, then you can export as DEBUG APK, which you can transfer and install on your phone.