If it's colliding with a wall set the ship's angle to 2*wall's angle - ship's angle.
here's a picture explaining the maths:
dl.dropbox.com/u/52670878/Untitled.png , where b is the wall's angle and a the ship's angle.
If it's colliding with an asteroid, you can first get the b angle, by using the system angle between points expression.
I'm not sure if that's the kind of "bounce" you wanted though.